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How long the parts of a house last

Roofs, pipes and heating systems have known lifespans. This overview shows the typical lifespan per part, and each group links on to what a replacement costs and what to look for.

The ranges apply to a normal-sized house. Actual cost depends on size, access and region. Lifespan means technical lifespan with normal upkeep.

Component Lifespan
Clay tile roof 80 yrs
Concrete tile roof 35 yrs
Sheet metal roof 50 yrs
Copper roof 80 yrs
Roofing felt 22 yrs
Rubber membrane roof 30 yrs
Roof battens 30 yrs
Gutters 30 yrs
Downpipes 30 yrs
Roof flashing 35 yrs
Component Lifespan
Wood facade 50 yrs
Brick facade 100 yrs
Rendered facade 40 yrs
Fibre cement facade 50 yrs
Sheet metal facade 50 yrs
Facade paint, alkyd 10 yrs
Facade paint, acrylic 12 yrs
Facade paint, linseed oil 7 yrs
Facade paint, red ochre 8 yrs
Component Lifespan
Wooden windows 50 yrs
Wood-aluminium windows 45 yrs
PVC windows 37 yrs
Insulated glazing units 25 yrs

Water and drainage

Cost and detail
Component Lifespan
Copper pipes, cold water 50 yrs
Copper pipes, hot water 32 yrs
PEX pipes 50 yrs
Galvanised pipes 35 yrs
Cast iron drains 60 yrs
PVC drains 40 yrs
Risers in apartment buildings 45 yrs
Hot water heater 15 yrs
Component Lifespan
Complete bathroom renovation 27 yrs
Wet room membrane 27 yrs
Wall and floor tiles 40 yrs
Floor drain 35 yrs
Sanitary porcelain 27 yrs
Shower enclosure 17 yrs
Component Lifespan
Consumer unit 35 yrs
Electrical wiring 50 yrs
Sockets and switches 25 yrs
Residual current device 25 yrs
Component Lifespan
Ground source heat pump 22 yrs
Air-to-air heat pump 15 yrs
Air-to-water heat pump 17 yrs
Oil boiler 25 yrs
Pellet boiler 22 yrs
District heating unit 22 yrs
Radiators 40 yrs
Hydronic underfloor heating 40 yrs
Electric underfloor heating 40 yrs
Expansion vessel 8 yrs

Ventilation

Cost and detail
Component Lifespan
Heat recovery ventilation unit 20 yrs
Extract fan 17 yrs
Ventilation ducts 40 yrs
Ventilation filters 1.5 yrs

Foundation and drainage

Cost and detail
Component Lifespan
Concrete foundation 100 yrs
Drainage 35 yrs
Crawl space 80 yrs
Slab-on-ground 100 yrs
Component Lifespan
Interior doors 40 yrs
Exterior doors 32 yrs
Complete kitchen renovation 25 yrs
Garage door 25 yrs
Asphalt driveway 20 yrs
Pressure-treated deck 20 yrs
Chimney stack 60 yrs
Chimney render 25 yrs
Is the lifespan a guarantee?

No, the figures are common industry rules of thumb. Climate, workmanship and upkeep decide the real outcome. A clay tile roof that is looked after can outlast the range, and a roof that is never maintained may need replacing earlier.

Where do I find what a replacement costs?

The cost is on each group’s own page, alongside the typical lifespan and what to look for. Click the group you are curious about, for example roof or heating.

How is this different from running costs?

Running costs are what you pay continuously for power, heating, water and insurance. The lifespans here are maintenance that comes rarely but costs a lot when it does. As a rule of thumb, homeowners set aside about 1 percent of the home value per year for upkeep.

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