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How long the parts of a house last

Roofs, pipes and heating systems have known lifespans. This overview shows the typical lifespan per part, and each group links on to what a replacement costs and what to look for.

The ranges apply to a normal-sized house. Actual cost depends on size, access and region. Lifespan means technical lifespan with normal upkeep. In a share-based flat the big repairs are a share of the housing company’s project and show up in the charge or the company loan.

Component Lifespan
Clay tile roof 45 yrs
Sheet metal roof 40 yrs
Bitumen felt roof 25 yrs
Flat roof 30 yrs
Roof underlay 40 yrs
Rainwater system (gutters and downpipes) 30 yrs
Component Lifespan
Wood facade 40 yrs
Brick facade 60 yrs
Rendered facade 40 yrs
Concrete element facade 40 yrs
Facade painting 12 yrs
Component Lifespan
Wooden windows 40 yrs
Wood-aluminium windows 45 yrs
PVC windows 35 yrs
Insulated glazing units 30 yrs

Water and drainage

Cost and detail
Component Lifespan
Copper water pipes 50 yrs
Composite water pipes 50 yrs
Cast iron drains 50 yrs
Plastic drains 50 yrs
Underground drain line 60 yrs
Hot water tank 20 yrs
Component Lifespan
Complete bathroom renovation 25 yrs
Waterproofing membrane 25 yrs
Wet room tiling 30 yrs
Floor drain 30 yrs
Sanitary fixtures 25 yrs
Sauna and heater 15 yrs
Component Lifespan
Consumer unit 40 yrs
Electrical wiring 45 yrs
Sockets and switches 40 yrs
Residual current device 25 yrs
Component Lifespan
Ground source heat pump 22 yrs
Air heat pump 15 yrs
Air-to-water heat pump 18 yrs
Oil boiler 25 yrs
District heating 30 yrs
Radiators 40 yrs
Hydronic underfloor heating 50 yrs
Electric underfloor heating 30 yrs

Ventilation

Cost and detail
Component Lifespan
Ventilation unit (heat recovery) 25 yrs
Extract fan 20 yrs
Ventilation ducts 40 yrs
Ventilation filter 1 yrs

Foundation and drainage

Cost and detail
Component Lifespan
Foundation 80 yrs
Drainage 40 yrs
Crawl space 50 yrs
Slab-on-ground 80 yrs
Component Lifespan
Exterior door 40 yrs
Interior door 40 yrs
Garage door 30 yrs
Complete kitchen renovation 25 yrs
Asphalt yard 25 yrs
Wooden deck 25 yrs
Fireplace 50 yrs
Chimney flue 50 yrs
Is the lifespan a guarantee?

No, the figures are common industry rules of thumb. Climate, workmanship and upkeep decide the real outcome. A clay tile roof that is looked after can outlast the range, and a roof that is never maintained may need replacing earlier.

Where do I find what a replacement costs?

The cost is on each group’s own page, alongside the typical lifespan and what to look for. Click the group you are curious about, for example roof or heating.

How is this different from running costs?

Running costs are what you pay continuously for power, heating, water and insurance. The lifespans here are maintenance that comes rarely but costs a lot when it does. In a share-based flat the big repairs are a share of the housing company’s project and show up in the charge or the company loan.

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